psy_reg.plotters module

Module for fitting a linear model to the data

This module defines the LinRegPlotter and the DensityRegPlotter plotter classes that can be used to fit a linear model to the data and visualize it.

class psy_reg.plotters.Ci(key, plotter=None, index_in_list=None, additional_children=[], additional_dependencies=[], **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psyplot.plotter.Formatoption

Draw a confidence interval

Size of the confidence interval for the regression estimate. This will be drawn using translucent bands around the regression line. The confidence interval is estimated using a bootstrap; for large datasets, it may be advisable to avoid that computation by setting this parameter to None.

Possible types

  • None – Do not draw and calculate a confidence interval

  • float – A quantile between 0 and 100

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

dependencies = ['transpose', 'fit', 'nboot', 'fix']

list of str. List of formatoptions that force an update of this formatoption if they are updated.

property fit

fit Formatoption instance in the plotter

property fix

fix Formatoption instance in the plotter

group = 'regression'

str. Key of the group name in groups of this formatoption keyword

initialize_plot(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Method that is called when the plot is made the first time

Parameters

value – The value to use for the initialization

name = 'Draw a confidence interval'

str. A bit more verbose name than the formatoption key to be included in the gui. If None, the key is used in the gui

property nboot

nboot Formatoption instance in the plotter

priority = 30

int. Priority value of the the formatoption determining when the formatoption is updated.

  • 10: at the end (for labels, etc.)

  • 20: before the plotting (e.g. for colormaps, etc.)

  • 30: before loading the data (e.g. for lonlatbox)

property transpose

transpose Formatoption instance in the plotter

update(value)[source]

Method that is call to update the formatoption on the axes

Parameters

value – Value to update

class psy_reg.plotters.DensityRegPlotter(data=None, ax=None, auto_update=None, project=None, draw=False, make_plot=True, clear=False, enable_post=False, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psy_simple.plotters.ScalarCombinedBase, psy_simple.plotters.DensityPlotter, psy_reg.plotters.LinRegPlotter

A plotter that visualizes the density of points together with a linear regression

Parameters
  • data (InteractiveArray or ArrayList, optional) – Data object that shall be visualized. If given and plot is True, the initialize_plot() method is called at the end. Otherwise you can call this method later by yourself

  • ax (matplotlib.axes.Axes) – Matplotlib Axes to plot on. If None, a new one will be created as soon as the initialize_plot() method is called

  • auto_update (bool) – Default: None. A boolean indicating whether this list shall automatically update the contained arrays when calling the update() method or not. See also the no_auto_update attribute. If None, the value from the 'lists.auto_update' key in the psyplot.rcParams dictionary is used.

  • draw (bool or None) – Boolean to control whether the figure of this array shall be drawn at the end. If None, it defaults to the ‘auto_draw’` parameter in the psyplot.rcParams dictionary

  • make_plot (bool) – If True, and data is not None, the plot is initialized. Otherwise only the framework between plotter and data is set up

  • clear (bool) – If True, the axes is cleared first

  • enable_post (bool) – If True, the post formatoption is enabled and post processing scripts are allowed

  • **kwargs – Any formatoption key from the formatoptions attribute that shall be used

axiscolor

Color the x- and y-axes

This formatoption colors the left, right, bottom and top axis bar.

Possible types

dict – Keys may be one of {‘right’, ‘left’, ‘bottom’, ‘top’}, the values can be any valid color or None.

Notes

The following color abbreviations are supported:

character

color

‘b’

blue

‘g’

green

‘r’

red

‘c’

cyan

‘m’

magenta

‘y’

yellow

‘k’

black

‘w’

white

In addition, you can specify colors in many weird and wonderful ways, including full names ('green'), hex strings ('#008000'), RGB or RGBA tuples ((0,1,0,1)) or grayscale intensities as a string ('0.8').

background

The background color for the matplotlib axes.

Possible types

  • ‘rc’ – to use matplotlibs rc params

  • None – to use a transparent color

  • color – Any possible matplotlib color

bins

Specify the bins of the 2D-Histogramm

This formatoption can be used to specify, how many bins to use. In other words, it determines the grid size of the resulting histogram or kde plot. If however you also set the precision formatoption keyword then the minimum of precision and the bins specified here will be used.

Possible types

  • int – If 0, only use the bins specified by the precision keyword (raises an error if the precision is also set to 0), otherwise the number of bins to use

  • tuple (x, y) of int – The bins for x and y explicitly

bounds

Specify the boundaries of the colorbar

Possible types

  • None – make no normalization

  • numeric array – specifies the ticks manually

  • str or list [str, …] – A list of the below mentioned values of the mapping like [method, N, percmin, percmax, vmin, vmax], where only the first one is absolutely necessary

  • dict – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The mapping can have the following keys, but only method is not optional.

    N

    An integer describing the number of boundaries (or ticks per power of ten, see log and symlog above)

    percmin

    The percentile to use for the minimum (by default, 0, i.e. the minimum of the array)

    percmax

    The percentile to use for the maximum (by default, 100, i.e. the maximum of the array)

    vmin

    The minimum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    vmax

    The maximum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    method

    A string that defines how minimum and maximum shall be set. This argument is not optional and can be one of the following:

    data

    plot the ticks exactly where the data is.

    mid

    plot the ticks in the middle of the data.

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the ticks to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Ticks are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimal tick will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximal tick will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the ticks are chose such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum as minimal tick and maximum as maximal tick

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

    log

    Use logarithmic bounds. In this case, the given number N determines the number of bounds per power of tenth (i.e. N == 2 results in something like 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 50.0, etc., If this second number is None, then it will be chosen such that we have around 11 boundaries but at least one per power of ten.

    symlog

    The same as log but symmetric around 0. If the number N is None, then we have around 12 boundaries but at least one per power of ten

  • int – Specifies how many ticks to use with the 'rounded' option. I.e. if integer i, then this is the same as ['rounded', i].

  • matplotlib.colors.Normalize – A matplotlib normalization instance

Examples

  • Plot 11 bounds over the whole data range:

    >>> plotter.update(bounds='rounded')
    

    which is equivalent to:

    >>> plotter.update(bounds={'method': 'rounded'})
    
  • Plot 7 ticks over the whole data range where the maximal and minimal tick matches the data maximum and minimum:

    >>> plotter.update(bounds=['minmax', 7])
    

    which is equivaluent to:

    >>> plotter.update(bounds={'method': 'minmax', 'N': 7})
    
  • chop the first and last five percentiles:

    >>> plotter.update(bounds=['rounded', None, 5, 95])
    

    which is equivalent to:

    >>> plotter.update(bounds={'method': 'rounded', 'percmin': 5,
    ...                        'percmax': 95})
    
  • Plot 3 bounds per power of ten:

    >>> plotter.update(bounds=['log', 3])
    
  • Plot continuous logarithmic bounds:

    >>> from matplotlib.colors import LogNorm
    >>> plotter.update(bounds=LogNorm())
    

See also

cmap

Specifies the colormap

cbar

Specify the position of the colorbars

Possible types

  • bool – True: defaults to ‘b’ False: Don’t draw any colorbar

  • str – The string can be a combination of one of the following strings: {‘fr’, ‘fb’, ‘fl’, ‘ft’, ‘b’, ‘r’, ‘sv’, ‘sh’}

    • ‘b’, ‘r’ stand for bottom and right of the axes

    • ‘fr’, ‘fb’, ‘fl’, ‘ft’ stand for bottom, right, left and top of the figure

    • ‘sv’ and ‘sh’ stand for a vertical or horizontal colorbar in a separate figure

  • list – A containing one of the above positions

Examples

Draw a colorbar at the bottom and left of the axes:

>>> plotter.update(cbar='bl')
cbarspacing

Specify the spacing of the bounds in the colorbar

Possible types

str {‘uniform’, ‘proportional’} – if 'uniform', every color has exactly the same width in the colorbar, if 'proportional', the size is chosen according to the data

ci

Draw a confidence interval

Size of the confidence interval for the regression estimate. This will be drawn using translucent bands around the regression line. The confidence interval is estimated using a bootstrap; for large datasets, it may be advisable to avoid that computation by setting this parameter to None.

Possible types

  • None – Do not draw and calculate a confidence interval

  • float – A quantile between 0 and 100

clabel

Show the colorbar label

Set the label of the colorbar. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

str – The title for the set_label() method.

clabelprops

Properties of the Colorbar label

Specify the font properties of the figure title manually.

Possible types

dict – Items may be any valid text property

clabelsize

Set the size of the Colorbar label

Possible types

  • float – The absolute font size in points (e.g., 12)

  • string – Strings might be ‘xx-small’, ‘x-small’, ‘small’, ‘medium’, ‘large’, ‘x-large’, ‘xx-large’.

clabelweight

Set the fontweight of the Colorbar label

Possible types

  • float – a float between 0 and 1000

  • string – Possible strings are one of ‘ultralight’, ‘light’, ‘normal’, ‘regular’, ‘book’, ‘medium’, ‘roman’, ‘semibold’, ‘demibold’, ‘demi’, ‘bold’, ‘heavy’, ‘extra bold’, ‘black’.

cmap

Specify the color map

This formatoption specifies the color coding of the data via a matplotlib.colors.Colormap

Possible types

  • str – Strings may be any valid colormap name suitable for the matplotlib.cm.get_cmap() function or one of the color lists defined in the ‘colors.cmaps’ key of the psyplot.rcParams dictionary (including their reversed color maps given via the ‘_r’ extension).

  • matplotlib.colors.Colormap – The colormap instance to use

See also

bounds

specifies the boundaries of the colormap

color

Set the color coding

This formatoptions sets the color of the lines, bars, etc.

Possible types

  • None – to use the axes color_cycle

  • iterable – (e.g. list) to specify the colors manually

  • str – Strings may be any valid colormap name suitable for the matplotlib.cm.get_cmap() function or one of the color lists defined in the ‘colors.cmaps’ key of the psyplot.rcParams dictionary (including their reversed color maps given via the ‘_r’ extension).

  • matplotlib.colors.ColorMap – to automatically choose the colors according to the number of lines, etc. from the given colormap

coord

Use an alternative variable as x-coordinate

This formatoption let’s you specify another variable in the base dataset of the data array in case you want to use this as the x-coordinate instead of the raw data

Possible types

  • None – Use the default

  • str – The name of the variable to use in the base dataset

  • xarray.DataArray – An alternative variable with the same shape as the displayed array

Examples

To see the difference, we create a simple test dataset:

>>> import xarray as xr

>>> import numpy as np

>>> import psyplot.project as psy

>>> ds = xr.Dataset({
...     'temp': xr.Variable(('time', ), np.arange(5)),
...     'std': xr.Variable(('time', ), np.arange(5, 10))})
>>> ds
<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions:  (time: 5)
Coordinates:
  * time     (time) int64 0 1 2 3 4
Data variables:
    temp     (time) int64 0 1 2 3 4
    std      (time) int64 5 6 7 8 9

If we create a plot with it, we get the 'time' dimension on the x-axis:

>>> plotter = psy.plot.lineplot(ds, name=['temp']).plotters[0]

>>> plotter.plot_data[0].dims
('time',)

If we however set the 'coord' keyword, we get:

>>> plotter = psy.plot.lineplot(
...     ds, name=['temp'], coord='std').plotters[0]

>>> plotter.plot_data[0].dims
('std',)

and 'std' is plotted on the x-axis.

cticklabels

Specify the colorbar ticklabels

Possible types

  • str – A formatstring like '%Y' for plotting the year (in the case that time is shown on the axis) or ‘%i’ for integers

  • array – An array of strings to use for the ticklabels

See also

cticks, cticksize, ctickweight, ctickprops, vcticks, vcticksize, vctickweight, vctickprops

ctickprops

Specify the font properties of the colorbar ticklabels

Possible types

dict – Items may be anything of the matplotlib.pyplot.tick_params() function

See also

cticksize, ctickweight, cticklabels, cticks, vcticksize, vctickweight, vcticklabels, vcticks

cticks

Specify the tick locations of the colorbar

Possible types

  • None – use the default ticks

  • numeric array – specifies the ticks manually

  • str or list [str, …] – A list of the below mentioned values of the mapping like [method, N, percmin, percmax, vmin, vmax], where only the first one is absolutely necessary

  • dict – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The mapping can have the following keys, but only method is not optional.

    N

    An integer describing the number of boundaries (or ticks per power of ten, see log and symlog above)

    percmin

    The percentile to use for the minimum (by default, 0, i.e. the minimum of the array)

    percmax

    The percentile to use for the maximum (by default, 100, i.e. the maximum of the array)

    vmin

    The minimum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    vmax

    The maximum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    method

    A string that defines how minimum and maximum shall be set. This argument is not optional and can be one of the following:

    data

    plot the ticks exactly where the data is.

    mid

    plot the ticks in the middle of the data.

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the ticks to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Ticks are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimal tick will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximal tick will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the ticks are chose such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum as minimal tick and maximum as maximal tick

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

    log

    Use logarithmic bounds. In this case, the given number N determines the number of bounds per power of tenth (i.e. N == 2 results in something like 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 50.0, etc., If this second number is None, then it will be chosen such that we have around 11 boundaries but at least one per power of ten.

    symlog

    The same as log but symmetric around 0. If the number N is None, then we have around 12 boundaries but at least one per power of ten

    bounds

    let the bounds keyword determine the ticks. An additional integer i may be specified to only use every i-th bound as a tick (see also int below)

    midbounds

    Same as bounds but in the middle between two bounds

  • int – Specifies how many ticks to use with the 'bounds' option. I.e. if integer i, then this is the same as ['bounds', i].

See also

cticklabels

cticksize

Specify the font size of the colorbar ticklabels

Possible types

  • float – The absolute font size in points (e.g., 12)

  • string – Strings might be ‘xx-small’, ‘x-small’, ‘small’, ‘medium’, ‘large’, ‘x-large’, ‘xx-large’.

See also

ctickweight, ctickprops, cticklabels, cticks, vctickweight, vctickprops, vcticklabels, vcticks

ctickweight

Specify the fontweight of the colorbar ticklabels

Possible types

  • float – a float between 0 and 1000

  • string – Possible strings are one of ‘ultralight’, ‘light’, ‘normal’, ‘regular’, ‘book’, ‘medium’, ‘roman’, ‘semibold’, ‘demibold’, ‘demi’, ‘bold’, ‘heavy’, ‘extra bold’, ‘black’.

See also

cticksize, ctickprops, cticklabels, cticks, vcticksize, vctickprops, vcticklabels, vcticks

datagrid

Show the grid of the data

This formatoption shows the grid of the data (without labels)

Possible types

  • None – Don’t show the data grid

  • str – A linestyle in the form 'k-', where 'k' is the color and '-' the linestyle.

  • dict – any keyword arguments that are passed to the plotting function ( matplotlib.pyplot.triplot() for unstructured grids and matplotlib.pyplot.hlines() for rectilinear grids)

See also

mask_datagrid

To display cells with NaN

density
error

Visualize the error range

This formatoption visualizes the error range. For this, you must provide a two-dimensional data array as input. The first dimension might be either of length

  • 2 to provide the deviation from minimum and maximum error range from the data

  • 3 to provide the minimum and maximum error range explicitly

Possible types

  • None – No errors are visualized

  • ‘fill’ – The area between min- and max-error is filled with the same color as the line and the alpha is determined by the fillalpha attribute

Examples

Assume you have the standard deviation stored in the 'std'-variable and the data in the 'data' variable. Then you can visualize the standard deviation simply via:

>>> psy.plot.lineplot(input_ds, name=[['data', 'std']])

On the other hand, assume you want to visualize the area between the 25th and 75th percentile (stored in the variables 'p25' and 'p75'):

>>> psy.plot.lineplot(input_ds, name=[['data', 'p25', 'p75']])

See also

erroralpha

erroralpha

Set the alpha value for the error range

This formatoption can be used to set the alpha value (opacity) for the error formatoption

Possible types

float – A float between 0 and 1

See also

error

extend

Draw arrows at the side of the colorbar

Possible types

str {‘neither’, ‘both’, ‘min’ or ‘max’} – If not ‘neither’, make pointed end(s) for out-of-range values

figtitle

Plot a figure title

Set the title of the figure. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

str – The title for the suptitle() function

Notes

  • If the plotter is part of a psyplot.project.Project and multiple plotters of this project are on the same figure, the replacement attributes (see above) are joined by a delimiter. If the delimiter attribute of this Figtitle instance is not None, it will be used. Otherwise the rcParams[‘texts.delimiter’] item is used.

  • This is the title of the whole figure! For the title of this specific subplot, see the title formatoption.

figtitleprops

Properties of the figure title

Specify the font properties of the figure title manually.

Possible types

dict – Items may be any valid text property

figtitlesize

Set the size of the figure title

Possible types

  • float – The absolute font size in points (e.g., 12)

  • string – Strings might be ‘xx-small’, ‘x-small’, ‘small’, ‘medium’, ‘large’, ‘x-large’, ‘xx-large’.

figtitleweight

Set the fontweight of the figure title

Possible types

  • float – a float between 0 and 1000

  • string – Possible strings are one of ‘ultralight’, ‘light’, ‘normal’, ‘regular’, ‘book’, ‘medium’, ‘roman’, ‘semibold’, ‘demibold’, ‘demi’, ‘bold’, ‘heavy’, ‘extra bold’, ‘black’.

fit

Choose the linear fitting method

This formatoption consists makes a linear fit of the data

Possible types

  • ‘fit’ or ‘linear’ – make a linear fit

  • ‘robust’ – make a robust linear fit

  • ‘poly<deg>’ – Make a polynomial fit of the order '<deg>'

  • function – A callable function that takes an x-array and a y-array as input and can be used for the scipy.optimize.curve_fit() function

  • any object with a fit and predict method – A model that with a fit signature such as model.fit(x, y).predict(x)

  • None – make no fit

Notes

You can access the intercept, slope and rsquared by the correponding attribute. E.g.:

>>> plotter.update(
...     legendlabels='%(intercept)s + %(slope)s * x, '
...     '$R^2$=%(rsquared)s')

See also

fix

fix

Force the fit to go through a given point

Possible types

  • None – do not force the fit at all

  • float f – make a linear fit forced through (x, y) = (0, f)

  • tuple (x’, y’) – make a linear fit forced through (x, y) = (x', y')

See also

fit

grid

Display the grid

Show the grid on the plot with the specified color.

Possible types

  • None – If the grid is currently shown, it will not be displayed any longer. If the grid is not shown, it will be drawn

  • bool – If True, the grid is displayed with the automatic settings (usually black)

  • string, tuple. – Defines the color of the grid.

Notes

The following color abbreviations are supported:

character

color

‘b’

blue

‘g’

green

‘r’

red

‘c’

cyan

‘m’

magenta

‘y’

yellow

‘k’

black

‘w’

white

In addition, you can specify colors in many weird and wonderful ways, including full names ('green'), hex strings ('#008000'), RGB or RGBA tuples ((0,1,0,1)) or grayscale intensities as a string ('0.8').

id_color

The colors of the ideal lines

Possible types

  • None – Let it be determined by the color cycle of the color formatoption

  • iterable – (e.g. list) to specify the colors manually

  • str – Strings may be any valid colormap name suitable for the matplotlib.cm.get_cmap() function or one of the color lists defined in the ‘colors.cmaps’ key of the psyplot.rcParams dictionary (including their reversed color maps given via the ‘_r’ extension).

  • matplotlib.colors.ColorMap – to automatically choose the colors according to the number of lines, etc. from the given colormap

See also

ideal

ideal

Draw an ideal line of the fit

Possible types

  • None – Don’t draw an ideal line

  • list of floats – The parameters for the line. If the fit formatoption is in 'robust' or 'fit', then the first value corresponds to the interception, the second to the slope. Otherwise the list corrensponds to the parameters as used in the fit function of the lines

  • list of list of floats – The same as above but with the specification for each array

See also

id_color

interp_bounds

Interpolate grid cell boundaries for 2D plots

This formatoption can be used to tell enable and disable the interpolation of grid cell boundaries. Usually, netCDF files only contain the centered coordinates. In this case, we interpolate the boundaries between the grid cell centers.

Possible types

  • None – Interpolate the boundaries, except for circumpolar grids

  • bool – If True (the default), the grid cell boundaries are inter- and extrapolated. Otherwise, if False, the coordinate centers are used and the default behaviour of matplotlib cuts of the most outer row and column of the 2D-data. Note that this results in a slight shift of the data

labelprops

Set the font properties of both, x- and y-label

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'x' and (or) 'y' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is used for the x- and y-axis. The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • dict – Items may be any valid text property

labelsize

Set the size of both, x- and y-label

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'x' and (or) 'y' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is used for the x- and y-axis. The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • float – The absolute font size in points (e.g., 12)

  • string – Strings might be ‘xx-small’, ‘x-small’, ‘small’, ‘medium’, ‘large’, ‘x-large’, ‘xx-large’.

labelweight

Set the font size of both, x- and y-label

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'x' and (or) 'y' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is used for the x- and y-axis. The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • float – a float between 0 and 1000

  • string – Possible strings are one of ‘ultralight’, ‘light’, ‘normal’, ‘regular’, ‘book’, ‘medium’, ‘roman’, ‘semibold’, ‘demibold’, ‘demi’, ‘bold’, ‘heavy’, ‘extra bold’, ‘black’.

legend

Draw a legend

This formatoption determines where and if to draw the legend. It uses the labels formatoption to determine the labels.

Possible types

  • bool – Draw a legend or not

  • str or int – Specifies where to plot the legend (i.e. the location)

  • dict – Give the keywords for the matplotlib.pyplot.legend() function

See also

labels

legendlabels

Set the labels of the arrays in the legend

This formatoption specifies the labels for each array in the legend. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

  • str – A single string that shall be used for all arrays.

  • list of str – Same as a single string but specified for each array

See also

legend

levels

The levels for the contour plot

This formatoption sets the levels for the filled contour plot and only has an effect if the plot Formatoption is set to 'contourf'

Possible types

  • None – Use the settings from the bounds formatoption and if this does not specify boundaries, use 11

  • numeric array – specifies the ticks manually

  • str or list [str, …] – A list of the below mentioned values of the mapping like [method, N, percmin, percmax, vmin, vmax], where only the first one is absolutely necessary

  • dict – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The mapping can have the following keys, but only method is not optional.

    N

    An integer describing the number of boundaries (or ticks per power of ten, see log and symlog above)

    percmin

    The percentile to use for the minimum (by default, 0, i.e. the minimum of the array)

    percmax

    The percentile to use for the maximum (by default, 100, i.e. the maximum of the array)

    vmin

    The minimum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    vmax

    The maximum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    method

    A string that defines how minimum and maximum shall be set. This argument is not optional and can be one of the following:

    data

    plot the ticks exactly where the data is.

    mid

    plot the ticks in the middle of the data.

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the ticks to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Ticks are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimal tick will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximal tick will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the ticks are chose such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum as minimal tick and maximum as maximal tick

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

    log

    Use logarithmic bounds. In this case, the given number N determines the number of bounds per power of tenth (i.e. N == 2 results in something like 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 50.0, etc., If this second number is None, then it will be chosen such that we have around 11 boundaries but at least one per power of ten.

    symlog

    The same as log but symmetric around 0. If the number N is None, then we have around 12 boundaries but at least one per power of ten

  • int – Specifies how many ticks to use with the 'rounded' option. I.e. if integer i, then this is the same as ['rounded', i].

line_xlim

Specify how wide the range for the plot should be

This formatoption specifies the range of the line to use

Possible types

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

See also

xrange

lineplot

Choose the line style of the plot

Possible types

  • None – Don’t make any plotting

  • 'area' – To make an area plot (filled between y=0 and y), see matplotlib.pyplot.fill_between()

  • 'areax' – To make a transposed area plot (filled between x=0 and x), see matplotlib.pyplot.fill_betweenx()

  • 'stacked' – Make a stacked plot

  • str or list of str – The line style string to use ([‘solid’ | ‘dashed’, ‘dashdot’, ‘dotted’ | (offset, on-off-dash-seq) | ‘-’ | ‘–’ | ‘-.’ | ‘:’ | ‘None’ | ‘ ‘ | ‘’]).

linewidth

Choose the width of the lines

Possible types

  • None – Use the default from matplotlibs rcParams

  • float – The width of the lines

marker

Choose the marker for points

Possible types

  • None – Use the default from matplotlibs rcParams

  • str – A valid symbol for the matplotlib markers (see matplotlib.markers)

markersize

Choose the size of the markers for points

Possible types

  • None – Use the default from matplotlibs rcParams

  • float – The size of the marker

mask

Mask the data where a certain condition is True

This formatoption can be used to mask the plotting data based on another array. This array can be the name of a variable in the base dataset, or it can be a numeric array. Note that the data needs to be on exactly the same coordinates as the data shown here

Possible types

  • None – Apply no mask

  • str – The name of a variable in the base dataset to use.

    • dimensions that are in the given mask but not in the visualized base variable will be aggregated using numpy.any()

    • if the given mask misses dimensions that are in the visualized data (i.e. the data of this plotter), we broadcast the mask to match the shape of the data

    • dimensions that are in mask and the base variable, but not in the visualized data will be matched against each other

  • str – The path to a netCDF file that shall be loaded

  • xr.DataArray or np.ndarray – An array that can be broadcasted to the shape of the data

mask_datagrid

Mask the datagrid where the array is NaN

This boolean formatoption enables to mask the grid of the datagrid formatoption where the data is NaN

Possible types

bool – Either True, to not display the data grid for cells with NaN, or False

See also

datagrid

maskbetween

Mask data points between two numbers

Possible types

float – The floating number to mask above

maskgeq

Mask data points greater than or equal to a number

Possible types

float – The floating number to mask above

maskgreater

Mask data points greater than a number

Possible types

float – The floating number to mask above

maskleq

Mask data points smaller than or equal to a number

Possible types

float – The floating number to mask below

maskless

Mask data points smaller than a number

Possible types

float – The floating number to mask below

miss_color

Set the color for missing values

Possible types

  • None – Use the default from the colormap

  • string, tuple. – Defines the color of the grid.

nboot

Set the number of bootstrap resamples for the confidence interval

Parameters

int – Number of bootstrap resamples used to estimate the ci. The default value attempts to balance time and stability; you may want to increase this value for “final” versions of plots.

See also

ci

normed

Specify the normalization of the histogram

This formatoption can be used to normalize the histogram. It has no effect if the density formatoption is set to 'kde'

Possible types

  • None – Do not make any normalization

  • str – One of

    counts

    To make the normalization based on the total number counts

    area

    To make the normalization basen on the total number of counts and area (the default behaviour of numpy.histogram2d())

    x, col, column or columns

    To normalize every column

    y, row or rows

    To normalize every row

See also

density

p0

Initial parameters for the scipy.optimize.curve_fit() function

This formatoptions can be used to set the initial parameters if the value of the fit formatoption is a callable function.

Note that the automatic estimation uses the boundaries of the param_bounds formatoption. This only works if the boundaries are given for each parameter and finite.

Possible types

  • ‘auto’ – The initial parameters are estimated automatically using the from scipy.optimize.differential_evolution() function

  • list of floats – The initial parameters

  • list of list of floats or ‘auto’ – A combination of the above types where each corresponds to one data array

param_bounds

Parameter bounds for the function parameters

This formatoption can be used to specify the boundaries for the parameters. It only has an effect if the value of the fit formatoption is a callable function.

These bounds will also be used by the p0 formatoption to estimate the initial parameters.

Possible types

  • None – Use open boundaries

  • list of tuples with length 2 – The boundaries for each of the parameters

  • list of tuples or None – A combination of the above types where each corresponds to one data array

plot

Choose how to visualize a 2-dimensional scalar data field

Possible types

  • None – Don’t make any plotting

  • ‘mesh’ – Use the matplotlib.pyplot.pcolormesh() function to make the plot or the matplotlib.pyplot.tripcolor() for an unstructered grid

  • ‘poly’ – Draw each polygon indivually. This method is used by default for unstructured grids. If there are no grid cell boundaries in the dataset, we will interpolate them

  • ‘contourf’ – Make a filled contour plot using the matplotlib.pyplot.contourf() function or the matplotlib.pyplot.tricontourf() for unstructured data. The levels for the contour plot are controlled by the levels formatoption

  • ‘contour’ – Same a 'contourf', but does not make a filled contour plot, only lines.

post

Apply your own postprocessing script

This formatoption let’s you apply your own post processing script. Just enter the script as a string and it will be executed. The formatoption will be made available via the self variable

Possible types

  • None – Don’t do anything

  • str – The post processing script as string

Note

This formatoption uses the built-in exec() function to compile the script. Since this poses a security risk when loading psyplot projects, it is by default disabled through the Plotter.enable_post attribute. If you are sure that you can trust the script in this formatoption, set this attribute of the corresponding Plotter to True

Examples

Assume, you want to manually add the mean of the data to the title of the matplotlib axes. You can simply do this via

from psyplot.plotter import Plotter
from xarray import DataArray
plotter = Plotter(DataArray([1, 2, 3]))
# enable the post formatoption
plotter.enable_post = True
plotter.update(post="self.ax.set_title(str(self.data.mean()))")
plotter.ax.get_title()
'2.0'

By default, the post formatoption is only ran, when it is explicitly updated. However, you can use the post_timing formatoption, to run it automatically. E.g. for running it after every update of the plotter, you can set

plotter.update(post_timing='always')

See also

post_timing

Determine the timing of this formatoption

post_timing

Determine when to run the post formatoption

This formatoption determines, whether the post formatoption should be run never, after replot or after every update.

Possible types

  • ‘never’ – Never run post processing scripts

  • ‘always’ – Always run post processing scripts

  • ‘replot’ – Only run post processing scripts when the data changes or a replot is necessary

See also

post

The post processing formatoption

precision

Set the precision of the data

This formatoption can be used to specify the precision of the data which then will be the minimal bin width of the 2D histogram or the bandwith of the kernel size (if the density formatoption is set to 'kde')

Possible types

  • float – If 0, this formatoption has no effect at all. Otherwise it is assumed to be the precision of the data

  • str – One of {'scott' | 'silverman'}. This uses the statsmodels package to estimate the bandwidth of the data that is then used in the histogram or KDE plot

sym_lims

Make x- and y-axis symmetric

Possible types

  • None – No symmetric type

  • ‘min’ – Use the minimum of x- and y-limits

  • ‘max’ – Use the maximum of x- and y-limits

  • [str, str] – A combination, None, 'min' and 'max' specific for minimum and maximum limit

text

Add text anywhere on the plot

This formatoption draws a text on the specified position on the figure. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

  • str – If string s: this will be used as (1., 1., s, {‘ha’: ‘right’}) (i.e. a string in the upper right corner of the axes).

  • tuple or list of tuples (x,y,s[,coord.-system][,options]]) – Each tuple defines a text instance on the plot. 0<=x, y<=1 are the coordinates. The coord.-system can be either the data coordinates (default, 'data') or the axes coordinates ('axes') or the figure coordinates (‘fig’). The string s finally is the text. options may be a dictionary to specify format the appearence (e.g. 'color', 'fontweight', 'fontsize', etc., see matplotlib.text.Text for possible keys). To remove one single text from the plot, set (x,y,’’[, coord.-system]) for the text at position (x,y)

  • empty list – remove all texts from the plot

See also

title, figtitle

ticksize

Change the ticksize of the ticklabels

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • float – The absolute font size in points (e.g., 12)

  • string – Strings might be ‘xx-small’, ‘x-small’, ‘small’, ‘medium’, ‘large’, ‘x-large’, ‘xx-large’.

tickweight

Change the fontweight of the ticks

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • float – a float between 0 and 1000

  • string – Possible strings are one of ‘ultralight’, ‘light’, ‘normal’, ‘regular’, ‘book’, ‘medium’, ‘roman’, ‘semibold’, ‘demibold’, ‘demi’, ‘bold’, ‘heavy’, ‘extra bold’, ‘black’.

tight

Automatically adjust the plots.

If set to True, the plots are automatically adjusted to fit to the figure limitations via the matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout() function.

Possible types

bool – True for automatic adjustment

Warning

There is no update method to undo what happend after this formatoption is set to True!

title

Show the title

Set the title of the plot. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

str – The title for the title() function.

Notes

This is the title of this specific subplot! For the title of the whole figure, see the figtitle formatoption.

titleprops

Properties of the title

Specify the font properties of the figure title manually.

Possible types

dict – Items may be any valid text property

titlesize

Set the size of the title

Possible types

  • float – The absolute font size in points (e.g., 12)

  • string – Strings might be ‘xx-small’, ‘x-small’, ‘small’, ‘medium’, ‘large’, ‘x-large’, ‘xx-large’.

titleweight

Set the fontweight of the title

Possible types

  • float – a float between 0 and 1000

  • string – Possible strings are one of ‘ultralight’, ‘light’, ‘normal’, ‘regular’, ‘book’, ‘medium’, ‘roman’, ‘semibold’, ‘demibold’, ‘demi’, ‘bold’, ‘heavy’, ‘extra bold’, ‘black’.

transpose

Switch x- and y-axes

By default, one-dimensional arrays have the dimension on the x-axis and two dimensional arrays have the first dimension on the y and the second on the x-axis. You can set this formatoption to True to change this behaviour

Possible types

bool – If True, axes are switched

xlabel

Set the x-axis label

Set the label for the x-axis. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

str – The text for the xlabel() function.

See also

xlabelsize, xlabelweight, xlabelprops

xlim

Set the x-axis limits

Possible types

  • None – To not change the current limits

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

See also

ylim

xrange

Specify the range of the histogram for the x-dimension

This formatoption specifies the minimum and maximum of the histogram in the x-dimension

Possible types

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

Notes

This formatoption always acts on the coordinate, no matter what the value of the transpose formatoption is

See also

yrange

xrotation

Rotate the x-axis ticks

Possible types

float – The rotation angle in degrees

See also

yrotation

xticklabels

Modify the x-axis ticklabels

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • str – A formatstring like '%Y' for plotting the year (in the case that time is shown on the axis) or ‘%i’ for integers

  • array – An array of strings to use for the ticklabels

xtickprops

Specify the x-axis tick parameters

This formatoption can be used to make a detailed change of the ticks parameters on the x-axis.

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • dict – Items may be anything of the matplotlib.pyplot.tick_params() function

xticks

Modify the x-axis ticks

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • None – use the default ticks

  • int – for an integer i, only every i-th tick of the default ticks are used

  • numeric array – specifies the ticks manually

  • str or list [str, …] – A list of the below mentioned values of the mapping like [method, N, percmin, percmax, vmin, vmax], where only the first one is absolutely necessary

  • dict – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The mapping can have the following keys, but only method is not optional.

    N

    An integer describing the number of boundaries (or ticks per power of ten, see log and symlog above)

    percmin

    The percentile to use for the minimum (by default, 0, i.e. the minimum of the array)

    percmax

    The percentile to use for the maximum (by default, 100, i.e. the maximum of the array)

    vmin

    The minimum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    vmax

    The maximum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    method

    A string that defines how minimum and maximum shall be set. This argument is not optional and can be one of the following:

    data

    plot the ticks exactly where the data is.

    mid

    plot the ticks in the middle of the data.

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the ticks to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Ticks are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimal tick will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximal tick will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the ticks are chose such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum as minimal tick and maximum as maximal tick

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

    log

    Use logarithmic bounds. In this case, the given number N determines the number of bounds per power of tenth (i.e. N == 2 results in something like 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 50.0, etc., If this second number is None, then it will be chosen such that we have around 11 boundaries but at least one per power of ten.

    symlog

    The same as log but symmetric around 0. If the number N is None, then we have around 12 boundaries but at least one per power of ten

    hour

    draw ticks every hour

    day

    draw ticks every day

    week

    draw ticks every week

    month, monthend, monthbegin

    draw ticks in the middle, at the end or at the beginning of each month

    year, yearend, yearbegin

    draw ticks in the middle, at the end or at the beginning of each year

    For data, mid, hour, day, week, month, etc., the optional second value can be an integer i determining that every i-th data point shall be used (by default, it is set to 1). For rounded, roundedsym, minmax and sym, the second value determines the total number of ticks (defaults to 11).

Examples

Plot 11 ticks over the whole data range:

>>> plotter.update(xticks='rounded')

Plot 7 ticks over the whole data range where the maximal and minimal tick matches the data maximum and minimum:

>>> plotter.update(xticks=['minmax', 7])

Plot ticks every year and minor ticks every month:

>>> plotter.update(xticks={'major': 'year', 'minor': 'month'})
ylabel

Set the y-axis label

Set the label for the y-axis. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

str – The text for the ylabel() function.

See also

ylabelsize, ylabelweight, ylabelprops

ylim

Set the y-axis limits

Possible types

  • None – To not change the current limits

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

See also

xlim

yrange

Specify the range of the histogram for the x-dimension

This formatoption specifies the minimum and maximum of the histogram in the x-dimension

Possible types

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

Notes

This formatoption always acts on the DataArray, no matter what the value of the transpose formatoption is

See also

xrange

yrotation

Rotate the y-axis ticks

Possible types

float – The rotation angle in degrees

See also

xrotation

yticklabels

Modify the y-axis ticklabels

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • str – A formatstring like '%Y' for plotting the year (in the case that time is shown on the axis) or ‘%i’ for integers

  • array – An array of strings to use for the ticklabels

ytickprops

Specify the y-axis tick parameters

This formatoption can be used to make a detailed change of the ticks parameters of the y-axis.

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • dict – Items may be anything of the matplotlib.pyplot.tick_params() function

yticks

Modify the y-axis ticks

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • None – use the default ticks

  • int – for an integer i, only every i-th tick of the default ticks are used

  • numeric array – specifies the ticks manually

  • str or list [str, …] – A list of the below mentioned values of the mapping like [method, N, percmin, percmax, vmin, vmax], where only the first one is absolutely necessary

  • dict – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The mapping can have the following keys, but only method is not optional.

    N

    An integer describing the number of boundaries (or ticks per power of ten, see log and symlog above)

    percmin

    The percentile to use for the minimum (by default, 0, i.e. the minimum of the array)

    percmax

    The percentile to use for the maximum (by default, 100, i.e. the maximum of the array)

    vmin

    The minimum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    vmax

    The maximum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    method

    A string that defines how minimum and maximum shall be set. This argument is not optional and can be one of the following:

    data

    plot the ticks exactly where the data is.

    mid

    plot the ticks in the middle of the data.

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the ticks to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Ticks are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimal tick will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximal tick will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the ticks are chose such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum as minimal tick and maximum as maximal tick

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

    log

    Use logarithmic bounds. In this case, the given number N determines the number of bounds per power of tenth (i.e. N == 2 results in something like 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 50.0, etc., If this second number is None, then it will be chosen such that we have around 11 boundaries but at least one per power of ten.

    symlog

    The same as log but symmetric around 0. If the number N is None, then we have around 12 boundaries but at least one per power of ten

    hour

    draw ticks every hour

    day

    draw ticks every day

    week

    draw ticks every week

    month, monthend, monthbegin

    draw ticks in the middle, at the end or at the beginning of each month

    year, yearend, yearbegin

    draw ticks in the middle, at the end or at the beginning of each year

    For data, mid, hour, day, week, month, etc., the optional second value can be an integer i determining that every i-th data point shall be used (by default, it is set to 1). For rounded, roundedsym, minmax and sym, the second value determines the total number of ticks (defaults to 11).

See also

yticklabels, ticksize, tickweight, ytickprops

xticks

for possible examples

class psy_reg.plotters.FitPointDensity(key, plotter=None, index_in_list=None, additional_children=[], additional_dependencies=[], **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psy_simple.plotters.PointDensity

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

property bins

bins Formatoption instance in the plotter

children = ['line_xlim']

list of str. List of formatoptions that have to be updated before this one is updated. Those formatoptions are only updated if they exist in the update parameters.

property coord

coord Formatoption instance in the plotter

property line_xlim

line_xlim Formatoption instance in the plotter

property normed

normed Formatoption instance in the plotter

property precision

precision Formatoption instance in the plotter

property xrange

xrange Formatoption instance in the plotter

property yrange

yrange Formatoption instance in the plotter

class psy_reg.plotters.FixPoint(key, plotter=None, index_in_list=None, additional_children=[], additional_dependencies=[], **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psyplot.plotter.Formatoption

Force the fit to go through a given point

Possible types

  • None – do not force the fit at all

  • float f – make a linear fit forced through (x, y) = (0, f)

  • tuple (x’, y’) – make a linear fit forced through (x, y) = (x', y')

See also

fit

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

connections = ['fit']

list of str. Connections to other formatoptions that are (different from dependencies and children) not important for the update process

property fit

fit Formatoption instance in the plotter

group = 'regression'

str. Key of the group name in groups of this formatoption keyword

name = 'Force the fit to go through a given point'

str. A bit more verbose name than the formatoption key to be included in the gui. If None, the key is used in the gui

priority = 30

int. Priority value of the the formatoption determining when the formatoption is updated.

  • 10: at the end (for labels, etc.)

  • 20: before the plotting (e.g. for colormaps, etc.)

  • 30: before loading the data (e.g. for lonlatbox)

update(value)[source]

Method that is call to update the formatoption on the axes

Parameters

value – Value to update

class psy_reg.plotters.IdealLine(key, plotter=None, index_in_list=None, additional_children=[], additional_dependencies=[], **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psyplot.plotter.Formatoption

Draw an ideal line of the fit

Possible types

  • None – Don’t draw an ideal line

  • list of floats – The parameters for the line. If the fit formatoption is in 'robust' or 'fit', then the first value corresponds to the interception, the second to the slope. Otherwise the list corrensponds to the parameters as used in the fit function of the lines

  • list of list of floats – The same as above but with the specification for each array

See also

id_color

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

dependencies = ['fit', 'id_color', 'plot']

list of str. List of formatoptions that force an update of this formatoption if they are updated.

property fit

fit Formatoption instance in the plotter

group = 'regression'

str. Key of the group name in groups of this formatoption keyword

property id_color

id_color Formatoption instance in the plotter

initialize_plot(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Method that is called when the plot is made the first time

Parameters

value – The value to use for the initialization

property plot

plot Formatoption instance in the plotter

remove()[source]

Method to remove the effects of this formatoption

This method is called when the axes is cleared due to a formatoption with requires_clearing set to True. You don’t necessarily have to implement this formatoption if your plot results are removed by the usual matplotlib.axes.Axes.clear() method.

update(value)[source]

Method that is call to update the formatoption on the axes

Parameters

value – Value to update

class psy_reg.plotters.IdealLineColor(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psy_simple.plotters.LineColors

The colors of the ideal lines

Possible types

  • None – Let it be determined by the color cycle of the color formatoption

  • iterable – (e.g. list) to specify the colors manually

  • str – Strings may be any valid colormap name suitable for the matplotlib.cm.get_cmap() function or one of the color lists defined in the ‘colors.cmaps’ key of the psyplot.rcParams dictionary (including their reversed color maps given via the ‘_r’ extension).

  • matplotlib.colors.ColorMap – to automatically choose the colors according to the number of lines, etc. from the given colormap

See also

ideal

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

property color

color Formatoption instance in the plotter

dependencies = ['color']

list of str. List of formatoptions that force an update of this formatoption if they are updated.

property ideal

ideal Formatoption instance in the plotter

parents = ['ideal']

list of str. List of formatoptions that, if included in the update, prevent the update of this formatoption.

priority = 10

int. Priority value of the the formatoption determining when the formatoption is updated.

  • 10: at the end (for labels, etc.)

  • 20: before the plotting (e.g. for colormaps, etc.)

  • 30: before loading the data (e.g. for lonlatbox)

update(value)[source]

Method that is call to update the formatoption on the axes

Parameters

value – Value to update

class psy_reg.plotters.InitialParameters(key, plotter=None, index_in_list=None, additional_children=[], additional_dependencies=[], **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psyplot.plotter.Formatoption

Initial parameters for the scipy.optimize.curve_fit() function

This formatoptions can be used to set the initial parameters if the value of the fit formatoption is a callable function.

Note that the automatic estimation uses the boundaries of the param_bounds formatoption. This only works if the boundaries are given for each parameter and finite.

Possible types

  • ‘auto’ – The initial parameters are estimated automatically using the from scipy.optimize.differential_evolution() function

  • list of floats – The initial parameters

  • list of list of floats or ‘auto’ – A combination of the above types where each corresponds to one data array

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

connections = ['fit']

list of str. Connections to other formatoptions that are (different from dependencies and children) not important for the update process

data_dependent = True

bool or a callable. This attribute indicates whether this Formatoption depends on the data and should be updated if the data changes. If it is a callable, it must accept one argument: the new data. (Note: This is automatically set to True for plot formatoptions)

dependencies = ['param_bounds']

list of str. List of formatoptions that force an update of this formatoption if they are updated.

property fit

fit Formatoption instance in the plotter

group = 'regression'

str. Key of the group name in groups of this formatoption keyword

name = 'Initial parameter values for the fit'

str. A bit more verbose name than the formatoption key to be included in the gui. If None, the key is used in the gui

p0(i=None)[source]
property param_bounds

param_bounds Formatoption instance in the plotter

priority = 30

int. Priority value of the the formatoption determining when the formatoption is updated.

  • 10: at the end (for labels, etc.)

  • 20: before the plotting (e.g. for colormaps, etc.)

  • 30: before loading the data (e.g. for lonlatbox)

update(value)[source]

Method that is call to update the formatoption on the axes

Parameters

value – Value to update

class psy_reg.plotters.LinRegPlotter(data=None, ax=None, auto_update=None, project=None, draw=False, make_plot=True, clear=False, enable_post=False, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psy_simple.plotters.LinePlotter

A plotter to visualize the fit on the data

The most important formatoptions are the fit and ci formatoption. Otherwise this plotter behaves like the psyplot.plotter.simple.LinePlotter plotter class

Parameters
  • data (InteractiveArray or ArrayList, optional) – Data object that shall be visualized. If given and plot is True, the initialize_plot() method is called at the end. Otherwise you can call this method later by yourself

  • ax (matplotlib.axes.Axes) – Matplotlib Axes to plot on. If None, a new one will be created as soon as the initialize_plot() method is called

  • auto_update (bool) – Default: None. A boolean indicating whether this list shall automatically update the contained arrays when calling the update() method or not. See also the no_auto_update attribute. If None, the value from the 'lists.auto_update' key in the psyplot.rcParams dictionary is used.

  • draw (bool or None) – Boolean to control whether the figure of this array shall be drawn at the end. If None, it defaults to the ‘auto_draw’` parameter in the psyplot.rcParams dictionary

  • make_plot (bool) – If True, and data is not None, the plot is initialized. Otherwise only the framework between plotter and data is set up

  • clear (bool) – If True, the axes is cleared first

  • enable_post (bool) – If True, the post formatoption is enabled and post processing scripts are allowed

  • **kwargs – Any formatoption key from the formatoptions attribute that shall be used

allowed_vars = 1

The number variables that one data array visualized by this plotter might have. We allow up to 3 variableswhere the second and third variable might be the errors (see the error formatoption)

axiscolor

Color the x- and y-axes

This formatoption colors the left, right, bottom and top axis bar.

Possible types

dict – Keys may be one of {‘right’, ‘left’, ‘bottom’, ‘top’}, the values can be any valid color or None.

Notes

The following color abbreviations are supported:

character

color

‘b’

blue

‘g’

green

‘r’

red

‘c’

cyan

‘m’

magenta

‘y’

yellow

‘k’

black

‘w’

white

In addition, you can specify colors in many weird and wonderful ways, including full names ('green'), hex strings ('#008000'), RGB or RGBA tuples ((0,1,0,1)) or grayscale intensities as a string ('0.8').

background

The background color for the matplotlib axes.

Possible types

  • ‘rc’ – to use matplotlibs rc params

  • None – to use a transparent color

  • color – Any possible matplotlib color

ci

Draw a confidence interval

Size of the confidence interval for the regression estimate. This will be drawn using translucent bands around the regression line. The confidence interval is estimated using a bootstrap; for large datasets, it may be advisable to avoid that computation by setting this parameter to None.

Possible types

  • None – Do not draw and calculate a confidence interval

  • float – A quantile between 0 and 100

color

Set the color coding

This formatoptions sets the color of the lines, bars, etc.

Possible types

  • None – to use the axes color_cycle

  • iterable – (e.g. list) to specify the colors manually

  • str – Strings may be any valid colormap name suitable for the matplotlib.cm.get_cmap() function or one of the color lists defined in the ‘colors.cmaps’ key of the psyplot.rcParams dictionary (including their reversed color maps given via the ‘_r’ extension).

  • matplotlib.colors.ColorMap – to automatically choose the colors according to the number of lines, etc. from the given colormap

coord

Use an alternative variable as x-coordinate

This formatoption let’s you specify another variable in the base dataset of the data array in case you want to use this as the x-coordinate instead of the raw data

Possible types

  • None – Use the default

  • str – The name of the variable to use in the base dataset

  • xarray.DataArray – An alternative variable with the same shape as the displayed array

Examples

To see the difference, we create a simple test dataset:

>>> import xarray as xr

>>> import numpy as np

>>> import psyplot.project as psy

>>> ds = xr.Dataset({
...     'temp': xr.Variable(('time', ), np.arange(5)),
...     'std': xr.Variable(('time', ), np.arange(5, 10))})
>>> ds
<xarray.Dataset>
Dimensions:  (time: 5)
Coordinates:
  * time     (time) int64 0 1 2 3 4
Data variables:
    temp     (time) int64 0 1 2 3 4
    std      (time) int64 5 6 7 8 9

If we create a plot with it, we get the 'time' dimension on the x-axis:

>>> plotter = psy.plot.lineplot(ds, name=['temp']).plotters[0]

>>> plotter.plot_data[0].dims
('time',)

If we however set the 'coord' keyword, we get:

>>> plotter = psy.plot.lineplot(
...     ds, name=['temp'], coord='std').plotters[0]

>>> plotter.plot_data[0].dims
('std',)

and 'std' is plotted on the x-axis.

error

Visualize the error range

This formatoption visualizes the error range. For this, you must provide a two-dimensional data array as input. The first dimension might be either of length

  • 2 to provide the deviation from minimum and maximum error range from the data

  • 3 to provide the minimum and maximum error range explicitly

Possible types

  • None – No errors are visualized

  • ‘fill’ – The area between min- and max-error is filled with the same color as the line and the alpha is determined by the fillalpha attribute

Examples

Assume you have the standard deviation stored in the 'std'-variable and the data in the 'data' variable. Then you can visualize the standard deviation simply via:

>>> psy.plot.lineplot(input_ds, name=[['data', 'std']])

On the other hand, assume you want to visualize the area between the 25th and 75th percentile (stored in the variables 'p25' and 'p75'):

>>> psy.plot.lineplot(input_ds, name=[['data', 'p25', 'p75']])

See also

erroralpha

erroralpha

Set the alpha value for the error range

This formatoption can be used to set the alpha value (opacity) for the error formatoption

Possible types

float – A float between 0 and 1

See also

error

figtitle

Plot a figure title

Set the title of the figure. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

str – The title for the suptitle() function

Notes

  • If the plotter is part of a psyplot.project.Project and multiple plotters of this project are on the same figure, the replacement attributes (see above) are joined by a delimiter. If the delimiter attribute of this Figtitle instance is not None, it will be used. Otherwise the rcParams[‘texts.delimiter’] item is used.

  • This is the title of the whole figure! For the title of this specific subplot, see the title formatoption.

figtitleprops

Properties of the figure title

Specify the font properties of the figure title manually.

Possible types

dict – Items may be any valid text property

figtitlesize

Set the size of the figure title

Possible types

  • float – The absolute font size in points (e.g., 12)

  • string – Strings might be ‘xx-small’, ‘x-small’, ‘small’, ‘medium’, ‘large’, ‘x-large’, ‘xx-large’.

figtitleweight

Set the fontweight of the figure title

Possible types

  • float – a float between 0 and 1000

  • string – Possible strings are one of ‘ultralight’, ‘light’, ‘normal’, ‘regular’, ‘book’, ‘medium’, ‘roman’, ‘semibold’, ‘demibold’, ‘demi’, ‘bold’, ‘heavy’, ‘extra bold’, ‘black’.

fit

Choose the linear fitting method

This formatoption consists makes a linear fit of the data

Possible types

  • ‘fit’ or ‘linear’ – make a linear fit

  • ‘robust’ – make a robust linear fit

  • ‘poly<deg>’ – Make a polynomial fit of the order '<deg>'

  • function – A callable function that takes an x-array and a y-array as input and can be used for the scipy.optimize.curve_fit() function

  • any object with a fit and predict method – A model that with a fit signature such as model.fit(x, y).predict(x)

  • None – make no fit

Notes

You can access the intercept, slope and rsquared by the correponding attribute. E.g.:

>>> plotter.update(
...     legendlabels='%(intercept)s + %(slope)s * x, '
...     '$R^2$=%(rsquared)s')

See also

fix

fix

Force the fit to go through a given point

Possible types

  • None – do not force the fit at all

  • float f – make a linear fit forced through (x, y) = (0, f)

  • tuple (x’, y’) – make a linear fit forced through (x, y) = (x', y')

See also

fit

grid

Display the grid

Show the grid on the plot with the specified color.

Possible types

  • None – If the grid is currently shown, it will not be displayed any longer. If the grid is not shown, it will be drawn

  • bool – If True, the grid is displayed with the automatic settings (usually black)

  • string, tuple. – Defines the color of the grid.

Notes

The following color abbreviations are supported:

character

color

‘b’

blue

‘g’

green

‘r’

red

‘c’

cyan

‘m’

magenta

‘y’

yellow

‘k’

black

‘w’

white

In addition, you can specify colors in many weird and wonderful ways, including full names ('green'), hex strings ('#008000'), RGB or RGBA tuples ((0,1,0,1)) or grayscale intensities as a string ('0.8').

id_color

The colors of the ideal lines

Possible types

  • None – Let it be determined by the color cycle of the color formatoption

  • iterable – (e.g. list) to specify the colors manually

  • str – Strings may be any valid colormap name suitable for the matplotlib.cm.get_cmap() function or one of the color lists defined in the ‘colors.cmaps’ key of the psyplot.rcParams dictionary (including their reversed color maps given via the ‘_r’ extension).

  • matplotlib.colors.ColorMap – to automatically choose the colors according to the number of lines, etc. from the given colormap

See also

ideal

ideal

Draw an ideal line of the fit

Possible types

  • None – Don’t draw an ideal line

  • list of floats – The parameters for the line. If the fit formatoption is in 'robust' or 'fit', then the first value corresponds to the interception, the second to the slope. Otherwise the list corrensponds to the parameters as used in the fit function of the lines

  • list of list of floats – The same as above but with the specification for each array

See also

id_color

labelprops

Set the font properties of both, x- and y-label

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'x' and (or) 'y' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is used for the x- and y-axis. The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • dict – Items may be any valid text property

labelsize

Set the size of both, x- and y-label

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'x' and (or) 'y' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is used for the x- and y-axis. The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • float – The absolute font size in points (e.g., 12)

  • string – Strings might be ‘xx-small’, ‘x-small’, ‘small’, ‘medium’, ‘large’, ‘x-large’, ‘xx-large’.

labelweight

Set the font size of both, x- and y-label

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'x' and (or) 'y' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is used for the x- and y-axis. The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • float – a float between 0 and 1000

  • string – Possible strings are one of ‘ultralight’, ‘light’, ‘normal’, ‘regular’, ‘book’, ‘medium’, ‘roman’, ‘semibold’, ‘demibold’, ‘demi’, ‘bold’, ‘heavy’, ‘extra bold’, ‘black’.

legend

Draw a legend

This formatoption determines where and if to draw the legend. It uses the labels formatoption to determine the labels.

Possible types

  • bool – Draw a legend or not

  • str or int – Specifies where to plot the legend (i.e. the location)

  • dict – Give the keywords for the matplotlib.pyplot.legend() function

See also

labels

legendlabels

Set the labels of the arrays in the legend

This formatoption specifies the labels for each array in the legend. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

  • str – A single string that shall be used for all arrays.

  • list of str – Same as a single string but specified for each array

See also

legend

line_xlim

Specify how wide the range for the plot should be

This formatoption specifies the range of the line to use

Possible types

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

See also

xrange

linewidth

Choose the width of the lines

Possible types

  • None – Use the default from matplotlibs rcParams

  • float – The width of the lines

marker

Choose the marker for points

Possible types

  • None – Use the default from matplotlibs rcParams

  • str – A valid symbol for the matplotlib markers (see matplotlib.markers)

markersize

Choose the size of the markers for points

Possible types

  • None – Use the default from matplotlibs rcParams

  • float – The size of the marker

mask

Mask the data where a certain condition is True

This formatoption can be used to mask the plotting data based on another array. This array can be the name of a variable in the base dataset, or it can be a numeric array. Note that the data needs to be on exactly the same coordinates as the data shown here

Possible types

  • None – Apply no mask

  • str – The name of a variable in the base dataset to use.

    • dimensions that are in the given mask but not in the visualized base variable will be aggregated using numpy.any()

    • if the given mask misses dimensions that are in the visualized data (i.e. the data of this plotter), we broadcast the mask to match the shape of the data

    • dimensions that are in mask and the base variable, but not in the visualized data will be matched against each other

  • str – The path to a netCDF file that shall be loaded

  • xr.DataArray or np.ndarray – An array that can be broadcasted to the shape of the data

maskbetween

Mask data points between two numbers

Possible types

float – The floating number to mask above

maskgeq

Mask data points greater than or equal to a number

Possible types

float – The floating number to mask above

maskgreater

Mask data points greater than a number

Possible types

float – The floating number to mask above

maskleq

Mask data points smaller than or equal to a number

Possible types

float – The floating number to mask below

maskless

Mask data points smaller than a number

Possible types

float – The floating number to mask below

nboot

Set the number of bootstrap resamples for the confidence interval

Parameters

int – Number of bootstrap resamples used to estimate the ci. The default value attempts to balance time and stability; you may want to increase this value for “final” versions of plots.

See also

ci

p0

Initial parameters for the scipy.optimize.curve_fit() function

This formatoptions can be used to set the initial parameters if the value of the fit formatoption is a callable function.

Note that the automatic estimation uses the boundaries of the param_bounds formatoption. This only works if the boundaries are given for each parameter and finite.

Possible types

  • ‘auto’ – The initial parameters are estimated automatically using the from scipy.optimize.differential_evolution() function

  • list of floats – The initial parameters

  • list of list of floats or ‘auto’ – A combination of the above types where each corresponds to one data array

param_bounds

Parameter bounds for the function parameters

This formatoption can be used to specify the boundaries for the parameters. It only has an effect if the value of the fit formatoption is a callable function.

These bounds will also be used by the p0 formatoption to estimate the initial parameters.

Possible types

  • None – Use open boundaries

  • list of tuples with length 2 – The boundaries for each of the parameters

  • list of tuples or None – A combination of the above types where each corresponds to one data array

plot

Choose the line style of the plot

Possible types

  • None – Don’t make any plotting

  • 'area' – To make an area plot (filled between y=0 and y), see matplotlib.pyplot.fill_between()

  • 'areax' – To make a transposed area plot (filled between x=0 and x), see matplotlib.pyplot.fill_betweenx()

  • 'stacked' – Make a stacked plot

  • str or list of str – The line style string to use ([‘solid’ | ‘dashed’, ‘dashdot’, ‘dotted’ | (offset, on-off-dash-seq) | ‘-’ | ‘–’ | ‘-.’ | ‘:’ | ‘None’ | ‘ ‘ | ‘’]).

post

Apply your own postprocessing script

This formatoption let’s you apply your own post processing script. Just enter the script as a string and it will be executed. The formatoption will be made available via the self variable

Possible types

  • None – Don’t do anything

  • str – The post processing script as string

Note

This formatoption uses the built-in exec() function to compile the script. Since this poses a security risk when loading psyplot projects, it is by default disabled through the Plotter.enable_post attribute. If you are sure that you can trust the script in this formatoption, set this attribute of the corresponding Plotter to True

Examples

Assume, you want to manually add the mean of the data to the title of the matplotlib axes. You can simply do this via

from psyplot.plotter import Plotter
from xarray import DataArray
plotter = Plotter(DataArray([1, 2, 3]))
# enable the post formatoption
plotter.enable_post = True
plotter.update(post="self.ax.set_title(str(self.data.mean()))")
plotter.ax.get_title()
'2.0'

By default, the post formatoption is only ran, when it is explicitly updated. However, you can use the post_timing formatoption, to run it automatically. E.g. for running it after every update of the plotter, you can set

plotter.update(post_timing='always')

See also

post_timing

Determine the timing of this formatoption

post_timing

Determine when to run the post formatoption

This formatoption determines, whether the post formatoption should be run never, after replot or after every update.

Possible types

  • ‘never’ – Never run post processing scripts

  • ‘always’ – Always run post processing scripts

  • ‘replot’ – Only run post processing scripts when the data changes or a replot is necessary

See also

post

The post processing formatoption

sym_lims

Make x- and y-axis symmetric

Possible types

  • None – No symmetric type

  • ‘min’ – Use the minimum of x- and y-limits

  • ‘max’ – Use the maximum of x- and y-limits

  • [str, str] – A combination, None, 'min' and 'max' specific for minimum and maximum limit

text

Add text anywhere on the plot

This formatoption draws a text on the specified position on the figure. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

  • str – If string s: this will be used as (1., 1., s, {‘ha’: ‘right’}) (i.e. a string in the upper right corner of the axes).

  • tuple or list of tuples (x,y,s[,coord.-system][,options]]) – Each tuple defines a text instance on the plot. 0<=x, y<=1 are the coordinates. The coord.-system can be either the data coordinates (default, 'data') or the axes coordinates ('axes') or the figure coordinates (‘fig’). The string s finally is the text. options may be a dictionary to specify format the appearence (e.g. 'color', 'fontweight', 'fontsize', etc., see matplotlib.text.Text for possible keys). To remove one single text from the plot, set (x,y,’’[, coord.-system]) for the text at position (x,y)

  • empty list – remove all texts from the plot

See also

title, figtitle

ticksize

Change the ticksize of the ticklabels

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • float – The absolute font size in points (e.g., 12)

  • string – Strings might be ‘xx-small’, ‘x-small’, ‘small’, ‘medium’, ‘large’, ‘x-large’, ‘xx-large’.

tickweight

Change the fontweight of the ticks

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • float – a float between 0 and 1000

  • string – Possible strings are one of ‘ultralight’, ‘light’, ‘normal’, ‘regular’, ‘book’, ‘medium’, ‘roman’, ‘semibold’, ‘demibold’, ‘demi’, ‘bold’, ‘heavy’, ‘extra bold’, ‘black’.

tight

Automatically adjust the plots.

If set to True, the plots are automatically adjusted to fit to the figure limitations via the matplotlib.pyplot.tight_layout() function.

Possible types

bool – True for automatic adjustment

Warning

There is no update method to undo what happend after this formatoption is set to True!

title

Show the title

Set the title of the plot. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

str – The title for the title() function.

Notes

This is the title of this specific subplot! For the title of the whole figure, see the figtitle formatoption.

titleprops

Properties of the title

Specify the font properties of the figure title manually.

Possible types

dict – Items may be any valid text property

titlesize

Set the size of the title

Possible types

  • float – The absolute font size in points (e.g., 12)

  • string – Strings might be ‘xx-small’, ‘x-small’, ‘small’, ‘medium’, ‘large’, ‘x-large’, ‘xx-large’.

titleweight

Set the fontweight of the title

Possible types

  • float – a float between 0 and 1000

  • string – Possible strings are one of ‘ultralight’, ‘light’, ‘normal’, ‘regular’, ‘book’, ‘medium’, ‘roman’, ‘semibold’, ‘demibold’, ‘demi’, ‘bold’, ‘heavy’, ‘extra bold’, ‘black’.

transpose

Switch x- and y-axes

By default, one-dimensional arrays have the dimension on the x-axis and two dimensional arrays have the first dimension on the y and the second on the x-axis. You can set this formatoption to True to change this behaviour

Possible types

bool – If True, axes are switched

xlabel

Set the x-axis label

Set the label for the x-axis. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

str – The text for the xlabel() function.

See also

xlabelsize, xlabelweight, xlabelprops

xlim

Set the x-axis limits

Possible types

  • None – To not change the current limits

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

See also

ylim

xrange

Specify the range for the fit to use for the x-dimension

This formatoption specifies the minimum and maximum of the fit in the x-dimension

Possible types

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

Notes

This formatoption always acts on the coordinate, no matter what the value of the transpose formatoption is

See also

yrange, line_xlim

xrotation

Rotate the x-axis ticks

Possible types

float – The rotation angle in degrees

See also

yrotation

xticklabels

Modify the x-axis ticklabels

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • str – A formatstring like '%Y' for plotting the year (in the case that time is shown on the axis) or ‘%i’ for integers

  • array – An array of strings to use for the ticklabels

xtickprops

Specify the x-axis tick parameters

This formatoption can be used to make a detailed change of the ticks parameters on the x-axis.

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • dict – Items may be anything of the matplotlib.pyplot.tick_params() function

xticks

Modify the x-axis ticks

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • None – use the default ticks

  • int – for an integer i, only every i-th tick of the default ticks are used

  • numeric array – specifies the ticks manually

  • str or list [str, …] – A list of the below mentioned values of the mapping like [method, N, percmin, percmax, vmin, vmax], where only the first one is absolutely necessary

  • dict – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The mapping can have the following keys, but only method is not optional.

    N

    An integer describing the number of boundaries (or ticks per power of ten, see log and symlog above)

    percmin

    The percentile to use for the minimum (by default, 0, i.e. the minimum of the array)

    percmax

    The percentile to use for the maximum (by default, 100, i.e. the maximum of the array)

    vmin

    The minimum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    vmax

    The maximum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    method

    A string that defines how minimum and maximum shall be set. This argument is not optional and can be one of the following:

    data

    plot the ticks exactly where the data is.

    mid

    plot the ticks in the middle of the data.

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the ticks to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Ticks are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimal tick will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximal tick will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the ticks are chose such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum as minimal tick and maximum as maximal tick

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

    log

    Use logarithmic bounds. In this case, the given number N determines the number of bounds per power of tenth (i.e. N == 2 results in something like 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 50.0, etc., If this second number is None, then it will be chosen such that we have around 11 boundaries but at least one per power of ten.

    symlog

    The same as log but symmetric around 0. If the number N is None, then we have around 12 boundaries but at least one per power of ten

    hour

    draw ticks every hour

    day

    draw ticks every day

    week

    draw ticks every week

    month, monthend, monthbegin

    draw ticks in the middle, at the end or at the beginning of each month

    year, yearend, yearbegin

    draw ticks in the middle, at the end or at the beginning of each year

    For data, mid, hour, day, week, month, etc., the optional second value can be an integer i determining that every i-th data point shall be used (by default, it is set to 1). For rounded, roundedsym, minmax and sym, the second value determines the total number of ticks (defaults to 11).

Examples

Plot 11 ticks over the whole data range:

>>> plotter.update(xticks='rounded')

Plot 7 ticks over the whole data range where the maximal and minimal tick matches the data maximum and minimum:

>>> plotter.update(xticks=['minmax', 7])

Plot ticks every year and minor ticks every month:

>>> plotter.update(xticks={'major': 'year', 'minor': 'month'})
ylabel

Set the y-axis label

Set the label for the y-axis. You can insert any meta key from the xarray.DataArray.attrs via a string like '%(key)s'. Furthermore there are some special cases:

  • Strings like '%Y', '%b', etc. will be replaced using the datetime.datetime.strftime() method as long as the data has a time coordinate and this can be converted to a datetime object.

  • '%(x)s', '%(y)s', '%(z)s', '%(t)s' will be replaced by the value of the x-, y-, z- or time coordinate (as long as this coordinate is one-dimensional in the data)

  • any attribute of one of the above coordinates is inserted via axis + key (e.g. the name of the x-coordinate can be inserted via '%(xname)s').

  • Labels defined in the psyplot.rcParams 'texts.labels' key are also replaced when enclosed by ‘{}’. The standard labels are

    • tinfo: %H:%M

    • dtinfo: %B %d, %Y. %H:%M

    • dinfo: %B %d, %Y

    • desc: %(long_name)s [%(units)s]

    • sdesc: %(name)s [%(units)s]

Possible types

str – The text for the ylabel() function.

See also

ylabelsize, ylabelweight, ylabelprops

ylim

Set the y-axis limits

Possible types

  • None – To not change the current limits

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

See also

xlim

yrange

Specify the range for the fit to use for the y-dimension

This formatoption specifies the minimum and maximum of the fit in the y-dimension

Possible types

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

Notes

This formatoption always acts on the coordinate, no matter what the value of the transpose formatoption is

See also

xrange

yrotation

Rotate the y-axis ticks

Possible types

float – The rotation angle in degrees

See also

xrotation

yticklabels

Modify the y-axis ticklabels

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • str – A formatstring like '%Y' for plotting the year (in the case that time is shown on the axis) or ‘%i’ for integers

  • array – An array of strings to use for the ticklabels

ytickprops

Specify the y-axis tick parameters

This formatoption can be used to make a detailed change of the ticks parameters of the y-axis.

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • dict – Items may be anything of the matplotlib.pyplot.tick_params() function

yticks

Modify the y-axis ticks

Possible types

  • dict – A dictionary with the keys 'minor' and (or) 'major' to specify which ticks are managed. If the given value is not a dictionary with those keys, it is put into a dictionary with the key determined by the rcParams 'ticks.which' key (usually 'major'). The values in the dictionary can be one types below.

  • None – use the default ticks

  • int – for an integer i, only every i-th tick of the default ticks are used

  • numeric array – specifies the ticks manually

  • str or list [str, …] – A list of the below mentioned values of the mapping like [method, N, percmin, percmax, vmin, vmax], where only the first one is absolutely necessary

  • dict – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The mapping can have the following keys, but only method is not optional.

    N

    An integer describing the number of boundaries (or ticks per power of ten, see log and symlog above)

    percmin

    The percentile to use for the minimum (by default, 0, i.e. the minimum of the array)

    percmax

    The percentile to use for the maximum (by default, 100, i.e. the maximum of the array)

    vmin

    The minimum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    vmax

    The maximum to use (in which case it is not calculated from the specified method)

    method

    A string that defines how minimum and maximum shall be set. This argument is not optional and can be one of the following:

    data

    plot the ticks exactly where the data is.

    mid

    plot the ticks in the middle of the data.

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the ticks to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Ticks are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimal tick will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximal tick will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the ticks are chose such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum as minimal tick and maximum as maximal tick

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

    log

    Use logarithmic bounds. In this case, the given number N determines the number of bounds per power of tenth (i.e. N == 2 results in something like 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 50.0, etc., If this second number is None, then it will be chosen such that we have around 11 boundaries but at least one per power of ten.

    symlog

    The same as log but symmetric around 0. If the number N is None, then we have around 12 boundaries but at least one per power of ten

    hour

    draw ticks every hour

    day

    draw ticks every day

    week

    draw ticks every week

    month, monthend, monthbegin

    draw ticks in the middle, at the end or at the beginning of each month

    year, yearend, yearbegin

    draw ticks in the middle, at the end or at the beginning of each year

    For data, mid, hour, day, week, month, etc., the optional second value can be an integer i determining that every i-th data point shall be used (by default, it is set to 1). For rounded, roundedsym, minmax and sym, the second value determines the total number of ticks (defaults to 11).

See also

yticklabels, ticksize, tickweight, ytickprops

xticks

for possible examples

class psy_reg.plotters.LinRegTranspose(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psy_simple.plotters.Transpose

Switch x- and y-axes

By default, one-dimensional arrays have the dimension on the x-axis and two dimensional arrays have the first dimension on the y and the second on the x-axis. You can set this formatoption to True to change this behaviour

Possible types

bool – If True, axes are switched

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

priority = 30

int. Priority value of the the formatoption determining when the formatoption is updated.

  • 10: at the end (for labels, etc.)

  • 20: before the plotting (e.g. for colormaps, etc.)

  • 30: before loading the data (e.g. for lonlatbox)

class psy_reg.plotters.LinearRegressionFit(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psyplot.plotter.Formatoption

Choose the linear fitting method

This formatoption consists makes a linear fit of the data

Possible types

  • ‘fit’ or ‘linear’ – make a linear fit

  • ‘robust’ – make a robust linear fit

  • ‘poly<deg>’ – Make a polynomial fit of the order '<deg>'

  • function – A callable function that takes an x-array and a y-array as input and can be used for the scipy.optimize.curve_fit() function

  • any object with a fit and predict method – A model that with a fit signature such as model.fit(x, y).predict(x)

  • None – make no fit

Notes

You can access the intercept, slope and rsquared by the correponding attribute. E.g.:

>>> plotter.update(
...     legendlabels='%(intercept)s + %(slope)s * x, '
...     '$R^2$=%(rsquared)s')

See also

fix

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

property coord

coord Formatoption instance in the plotter

data_dependent = True

bool or a callable. This attribute indicates whether this Formatoption depends on the data and should be updated if the data changes. If it is a callable, it must accept one argument: the new data. (Note: This is automatically set to True for plot formatoptions)

dependencies = ['transpose', 'fix', 'xrange', 'yrange', 'coord', 'line_xlim', 'p0', 'param_bounds']

list of str. List of formatoptions that force an update of this formatoption if they are updated.

property fix

fix Formatoption instance in the plotter

property func_args

The arguments for the fit function if the method is ‘curve_fit’

get_kwargs(i)[source]

Get the fitting kwargs for the line at index i

get_xline(i=0)[source]

Get the x-data for the best fit line

get_xy(i, da)[source]
group = 'regression'

str. Key of the group name in groups of this formatoption keyword

property line_xlim

line_xlim Formatoption instance in the plotter

make_fit(i, x, y, x_line=None, **kwargs)[source]
name = 'Change the fit method'

str. A bit more verbose name than the formatoption key to be included in the gui. If None, the key is used in the gui

property p0

p0 Formatoption instance in the plotter

property param_bounds

param_bounds Formatoption instance in the plotter

priority = 30

int. Priority value of the the formatoption determining when the formatoption is updated.

  • 10: at the end (for labels, etc.)

  • 20: before the plotting (e.g. for colormaps, etc.)

  • 30: before loading the data (e.g. for lonlatbox)

set_method(i)[source]
property transpose

transpose Formatoption instance in the plotter

update(value)[source]

Method that is call to update the formatoption on the axes

Parameters

value – Value to update

property xrange

xrange Formatoption instance in the plotter

property yrange

yrange Formatoption instance in the plotter

class psy_reg.plotters.LinearRegressionFitCombined(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psy_reg.plotters.LinearRegressionFit

Choose the linear fitting method

This formatoption consists makes a linear fit of the data

Possible types

  • ‘fit’ or ‘linear’ – make a linear fit

  • ‘robust’ – make a robust linear fit

  • ‘poly<deg>’ – Make a polynomial fit of the order '<deg>'

  • function – A callable function that takes an x-array and a y-array as input and can be used for the scipy.optimize.curve_fit() function

  • any object with a fit and predict method – A model that with a fit signature such as model.fit(x, y).predict(x)

  • None – make no fit

Notes

You can access the intercept, slope and rsquared by the correponding attribute. E.g.:

>>> plotter.update(
...     legendlabels='%(intercept)s + %(slope)s * x, '
...     '$R^2$=%(rsquared)s')

See also

fix

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

property coord

coord Formatoption instance in the plotter

property fix

fix Formatoption instance in the plotter

property line_xlim

line_xlim Formatoption instance in the plotter

property p0

p0 Formatoption instance in the plotter

property param_bounds

param_bounds Formatoption instance in the plotter

set_data(data, i=None)[source]

Reimplemented to change the arr_name attribute of the given array

property transpose

transpose Formatoption instance in the plotter

property xrange

xrange Formatoption instance in the plotter

property yrange

yrange Formatoption instance in the plotter

class psy_reg.plotters.NBoot(key, plotter=None, index_in_list=None, additional_children=[], additional_dependencies=[], **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psyplot.plotter.Formatoption

Set the number of bootstrap resamples for the confidence interval

Parameters

int – Number of bootstrap resamples used to estimate the ci. The default value attempts to balance time and stability; you may want to increase this value for “final” versions of plots.

See also

ci

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

group = 'regression'

str. Key of the group name in groups of this formatoption keyword

name = 'Set the bootstrapping number to calculate the confidence interval'

str. A bit more verbose name than the formatoption key to be included in the gui. If None, the key is used in the gui

priority = 30

int. Priority value of the the formatoption determining when the formatoption is updated.

  • 10: at the end (for labels, etc.)

  • 20: before the plotting (e.g. for colormaps, etc.)

  • 30: before loading the data (e.g. for lonlatbox)

update(value)[source]

Does nothing. The work is done by the Ci formatoption

class psy_reg.plotters.ParameterBounds(key, plotter=None, index_in_list=None, additional_children=[], additional_dependencies=[], **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psyplot.plotter.Formatoption

Parameter bounds for the function parameters

This formatoption can be used to specify the boundaries for the parameters. It only has an effect if the value of the fit formatoption is a callable function.

These bounds will also be used by the p0 formatoption to estimate the initial parameters.

Possible types

  • None – Use open boundaries

  • list of tuples with length 2 – The boundaries for each of the parameters

  • list of tuples or None – A combination of the above types where each corresponds to one data array

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

update(value)[source]

Method that is call to update the formatoption on the axes

Parameters

value – Value to update

class psy_reg.plotters.XFitRange(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psy_simple.plotters.Hist2DXRange

Specify the range for the fit to use for the x-dimension

This formatoption specifies the minimum and maximum of the fit in the x-dimension

Possible types

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

Notes

This formatoption always acts on the coordinate, no matter what the value of the transpose formatoption is

See also

yrange, line_xlim

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

property coord

coord Formatoption instance in the plotter

group = 'regression'

str. Key of the group name in groups of this formatoption keyword

property plot

plot Formatoption instance in the plotter

property range

The range for each of the curves

set_limit(*args)[source]

The method to set the minimum and maximum limit

Parameters
  • min_val (float) – The value for the lower limit

  • max_val (float) – The value for the upper limit

property transpose

transpose Formatoption instance in the plotter

update(value)[source]

Method that is call to update the formatoption on the axes

Parameters

value – Value to update

class psy_reg.plotters.XLineRange(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psy_reg.plotters.XFitRange

Specify how wide the range for the plot should be

This formatoption specifies the range of the line to use

Possible types

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

See also

xrange

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

property coord

coord Formatoption instance in the plotter

property plot

plot Formatoption instance in the plotter

property transpose

transpose Formatoption instance in the plotter

class psy_reg.plotters.YFitRange(*args, **kwargs)[source]

Bases: psy_simple.plotters.Hist2DYRange

Specify the range for the fit to use for the y-dimension

This formatoption specifies the minimum and maximum of the fit in the y-dimension

Possible types

  • str or list [str, str] or [[str, float], [str, float]] – Automatically determine the ticks corresponding to the data. The given string determines how the limits are calculated. The float determines the percentile to use A string can be one of the following:

    rounded

    Sets the minimum and maximum of the limits to the rounded data minimum or maximum. Limits are rounded to the next 0.5 value with to the difference between data max- and minimum. The minimum will always be lower or equal than the data minimum, the maximum will always be higher or equal than the data maximum.

    roundedsym

    Same as rounded above but the limits are chosen such that they are symmetric around zero

    minmax

    Uses the minimum and maximum

    sym

    Same as minmax but symmetric around zero

  • tuple (xmin, xmax)xmin is the smaller value, xmax the larger. Any of those values can be None or one of the strings (or lists) above to use the corresponding value here

Notes

This formatoption always acts on the coordinate, no matter what the value of the transpose formatoption is

See also

xrange

Parameters
  • key (str) – formatoption key in the plotter

  • plotter (psyplot.plotter.Plotter) – Plotter instance that holds this formatoption. If None, it is assumed that this instance serves as a descriptor.

  • index_in_list (int or None) – The index that shall be used if the data is a psyplot.InteractiveList

  • additional_children (list or str) – Additional children to use (see the children attribute)

  • additional_dependencies (list or str) – Additional dependencies to use (see the dependencies attribute)

  • **kwargs – Further keywords may be used to specify different names for children, dependencies and connection formatoptions that match the setup of the plotter. Hence, keywords may be anything of the children, dependencies and connections attributes, with values being the name of the new formatoption in this plotter.

property coord

coord Formatoption instance in the plotter

group = 'regression'

str. Key of the group name in groups of this formatoption keyword

property plot

plot Formatoption instance in the plotter

property range

The range for each of the curves

set_limit(*args)[source]

The method to set the minimum and maximum limit

Parameters
  • min_val (float) – The value for the lower limit

  • max_val (float) – The value for the upper limit

property transpose

transpose Formatoption instance in the plotter

update(value)[source]

Method that is call to update the formatoption on the axes

Parameters

value – Value to update

psy_reg.plotters.bootstrap(x, y, func, n_boot, random_seed=None, **kwargs)[source]

Simple bootstrap algorithm used to estimate the confidence interval

This function is motivated by seaborns bootstrap algorithm seaborn.algorithms.bootstrap()

psy_reg.plotters.calc_ci(a, which=95, axis=None)[source]

Return a quantile range from an array of values.